THE YORK HERALD FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 1877. a I agriculture. unite. The rat. of rerolution of the machine must YORK POOR LAW UNION.
VISIT OF THE GOVERNMENT INSPECTOR. The weekly meeting of the York Board of Guardians was held yesterday at the offices Museum-street. Mr. J. Eciiby presided, and there were present Messrs.
King, Wade, Charlton, Feather, Ernest, Wilson, Puuiphrey, Hill, Anderson, Eidd, Agar, Simpson, Foster, and three others. The following 19 the weekly return ef relief process of coiling tbe steel bar nd that of welding tbe coil by means of the thirty-ton hammer, two very interesting sights, were also sbywu to tbe company. Tbey were then taken into the foundry where the shot and shell are manufactured, thence to the large warehouse in wbich they are stored, and where one of 2.000 pounds was to be seen. The enrriage, lathe, and other shops were also entered, whete a carriage was being. built.
for the monster in the yard and another for S. Inflexible. Smaller infants in various stages as well as field-guns were in numerous rrsy. In another shop were a number of coils being planed, and where the machine for rifling tbe guns was seen at work. In another part of the premises a novelty was exhibited.
This was termed a squeezer, worked by hydraulic power, for squeezing the slag out of the blooms made in the Decks puddling furnace. This was tbe first public trial of the machine. It being a new invention. It was being worked at a pressure of 750 pounds to tbe tquare incb, but is capable of being worked up to double tbat pressure. A Gatling gun was also shown, and was fired by several members of tbe party.
Tbe steel works of Messrs. J. Spencer and Sons at Newborn were also visited. STEEL ANNUAL MEETING AT NEWCASTLE. The business meeting of the Iron and Steel 1 Institute was resumed in the Lecture Theatre of the Literary and Pbtloeophicil Society of Newcastle yesterday morning.
Dr. Siemens, tha President, oeeunviriff the nhaip. Previous tn minniimmni; th business on the programme the President announced I rJ that while in Scotland recently he found a heap of slag in a place entirely devoid of habitation, fuel, ironstone, or anything wbich would lead any one to 1 suppose that the place was a proper one for establish- ing ironworks. Pieces of charcoal were adhering to tbe slag, and on analysis showed good ironstone bad I been used, and containing a great deal of allumnia and a little phosphoric acid. He found the slag on the estate of Mr.
John Fowler, about twelve miles from the end of Loch Broom. From that circ*mstance it was evident that iron manufacture bad been practised in parts of the country now utterly devoid of industry or habitation. the late secretary. Mr. I.
L. Bell, on behalf of a cemmittee, proposed the following resolutions (1) -'That this meeting representing the Iron and Steel Institute, desires to place on record its deep sense of the value of the services rendered to the iron and steel industries by tneir iste secretary. Air. John Jones firstly, in suggesting tbe establishment; and secondly, in assiduously promoting the development of this society. (2) That tbe members of the institute are wishful to express their profound regret at the loss they personally, and the interests which it is their object te cultivate, have sustained by the premature death of Mr.
Jones. (3) That tkey are further desirous of expressing to Mrs. Jones and her family their heart-felt sympathy in their bereavement, and that an assurance to this effect, along with the sentiments contained in the two previous resolutions, be conveyed to that lady. (4) As an evidence of tbe regard with which Mr. Jones' memory i cherished by members, and ss a means of assuring his widow and family of their desire to alleviate as far as possible tbe difficulties of their present situation, that a fund should be raised under the patronage of the Institute that subscriptions should be asked from its members and from others who may i mpatbise with his family, or whose interests may have been promoted by the labours of the Institute.
(5) That Mr. David Dale, Mr. E. Williams, Mr. W.
Wbitwell, and Mr. I. L. Bell be appointed a committee to carry tbe above resolutions into effect, and that tbey, with tbe assistance and sanction of tbe Council of tbe Iron and Steel Institute, be empowered to make such arrangements for the appropriation of the funds whicb may be placed at tbeir disposal as may seem to them best adapted for promoting tbe interest of Mrs. Jones and ber family." Mr.
Bell remarked that there was a kind of melancholy aDproDriateness in their recording their sense of the value of Mr. Jones' services In the town which might claim tbe parentage of the Iron and Steel Institute. Mr. Bell then called attentionto the circ*mstances under wbich they bad found it their duty to propose the fourth resolution. He was sorry to say that the trustees under Mr.
Jones will, on examining hit affairs, had found matters tbe verv reverse of congratulatory in fact it was not toe much to say that tbe family of their late lamented secretary by bis death had been leff entirely penniless. Results like that could net be from want of prevision or foresight on the part of a man like Mr. Jones, for every step which a prudent man might be expected to take had been taken by his late friend. Iiuboed as he was with the continuous prosperity and development of the iron trade of the north of England, Mr. Jones had embarked in some of those enterprises which unfortunately like many ethers in other parts of England had come to an unfortunate end.
There was one hope, Bnd that was in connection with a company whicb be (Mr. Belli was grieved te ay. bad since Mr. Jones death, followed tbe unfortunate example of some of its predecessors, and tbe family was now in the position he had mentioned. Mr.
Menelaus seconded tbe motion, which was unanimously adopted. MECHANICAL puddling. Mr. R. Howson.
of Middlesbrough, read a paper In which be gave an aecount of tbe Godfrey and Howson furnace. The acting part of the machine consists of a revolving pan shaped vessel mounted on an axis. The axis is inserted in a bearing bored out in a framing situated beneath tbe pan, and le driven bv means of a bevel wheel and pinion. The frame itself is mounted on trunnions, which allow ef a tilting motion of tbe entire machine. The pan is capable of revolving at any angle, and its position can be changed through any arc of a circle, so as at one time to bring its opening in front of the source of heat, and at another to tilt out tbe finished hill.
Tbe source of beat consists simply of an enlarged gas blow-pipe, situated opposite tbe mouth of the pan when the mtchine is in position for puddling. The application of the blow-pipe action to puddling wss first tried at tbe Newport Works in 1867, in a small stationary urnsee. The gas employed was generated in an apparatus similar to tbe ordinarv Siemens producer. Tbe blow-pipe was placed vertically, pointing downwards on tbe hearth, and tbe temperature thus attained with air partially heated was sufficiently effective. Blast furnace gas was also tried, but was found inadequate.
The results were successful, but tbe manual labour was somewhat of a trial owing to the jet of flame wbich unavoidably issued from the rabble bole. Mechanical puddling appeared then the only solution, and the revolving construction was suggested but never carried out. The next series of trials were made by Mr Godfrey and myself, and the source of beat employed was ordinary illuminating gas taken from a gas bolder. Experiments were first tried in a small stationary furnace. There was no difficulty in obtaining heat for all practical purposes, and an expenditure of 2 500 cubic feet of gae was found sufficient for puddling a ton of iron, provided the metal was previously melted.
The consumption of good coal would thus be five cubic feet per ton. and the residual co*ke would be available for melting. It was calculated that a bench of five retorts would be equal to tbe production of one hundred tons per week. There appears to be still no reason why retort gas should not be used in tbe iron manufacture, except that tbe first cest of the gas-miking plant is somewhat expensive. Two small revolving furnaces were now mad one was of horizontal construction, with an opening at each end.
and two tuyeres were so placed opposite te one another that the jets bad a common focus at the centre of tbe chamber. The other furnace was inclined like tbe one already described. Tbe nose of the tuyere was in every ease situated some distance from tbe opening into the furnace, so as to avoid any frictional contact. Allowing for minor defects, always incidental to a first attempt both these furnaces gave results sufficiently good to warrant the construction of larger ones. Another furnace, capable of puddling about 3 was now erected at the Britannia Works, and the inclined construction was selected, for tbe principal reason that it afforded more room for the operation of boiling.
To avoid also tbe serious expense of putting up an apparatus for manufacturing illuminating gas, the producer system was recurred to. tbe fo-m adopted being that of Messrs. Brook and Wilson. Those who bave struggled with tbe difficulties involved in ordinary coal firing as applied to revolving i' 111 I i 11 iui.iav.ro rnu ue auvaninge or tue mow- 1 pipe system. The dilapidating and power absorbing influence of frtctional contact at thi ends of the revolving vessel is completely obviated.
In the method of puddling hitherto adopted, tbe requirements of the case necessitated a comparatively intense heat in order to obtain a good boil. This involves a large expendi- ture of fettling, a whste of steam power, and a rapid destruction of machinery. At tbe last meeting of tbe I Institute, I ventured to express a belief that puddling I might be effected under a considerably moderated temperature. Without going into the history of failures the new procees may be described as it at present stands, premising tbnt tbe mode of treatment only applies to pig iron which has been previously melted in a cupola or reverbratory furnace. The lihuid tnetid having been transferred by meips of a i ltdle to the puddling machine, tbe pan is revolved at a moderate speed, ta revolutions per minuto bing a convenient, rate.
Provided pan is at a moderntelv red Ilea, no gas ts at. this pri-d rqnirod. While the Charge tlms in motion the fettling 13 introduced tbp s' ajie of coarslj ground oxide, in a cold or only sligMl beared state. This is -simply done rp.it. kiing into the stirfac-of the rael'trl metal.
1'be pnivc-rated oxides thus get rotted up and incor-por with tbelhon. and tde who a thick and pasty to rioi'tinc oxide fl m3 abundant If Presently it rises in tempera! ure. ou-ine to its own UiUtmal Chemical snd becomes Itqu1 agtim. iron, however hue assumed a gr mular state, appearing like rice grains floating in a liquid cinder. The carbon cuttlinues to scupe in without until lii- get viscous and have a tendecey to IRON AND INSTITUTE, I OR AND ADDISON IROV ttS5JULTUIIAL ENGINEERS.
IRON FOUNDERS AND MINERAL MttiCHANTS WmN'i' LIME, LIMESTONE, WraNSTONE. FLAGSTONE, BUILDING 8TONE. 8A1TARY IPEB. BRICKS. TILES.
CHEMICAL MANURES. AND AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENT OFFICES SNORTHGATE. DARLINGTON. 'as business MJresses. TWO GOOD STORIES.
A certain Alderman of a North Ridinc Borough a very worthy fellow in himself, well off." though not greatly plesaed with an appropriate vocabulary of words to suit the Court Calendar," to improve liis knowledge took in bv in-suluients from a book travel ier a Cyclopedia, being assured by that trut hf ul tentlemau that he would find everv word f'w ne dy when tne Aent a ot Work, the Alderman refused to have it, or antther umber of it, vociferating with a VERY. VERY. VERY severe expression of distnist that the Work was a swindle! (Headers, especially Ladies, please don't guess the Alderman's name, for you may be wronp for he had looked the list of K's very carefully over, and he could not find out how to spell "Philosopher' cr Physic" How tould you," exclaimed the Traveller. hen the words start with a (pointing them out) Blow me Ah'll be a better scholar, er else ah'll see," mutters and decides the Alderman handing the bock man out. he puts on iiia peculiar hat on the back of his head 1 LAKC-8TES'a Ten and Sixpenny) and hurried to his bookseller, ordering him to send up to his house at onoe ot books, as he tnean't T' NAW A VEAL MORE THAN 'E DID IN A VARRY LITTLE TIME." Riding in the train to Hull the other dav a man.
with four boys, his sns, I expectd, asked me if 1 knew the best spot to net a good suit at. Raising my eyes from my paper 1 said. Go to Lancaster." He. thinking I was using rather light slang to insult him, more emphati cally than polite, told me to "GO TO BATH Assuring him I did not refer to the County Tows of Lancashire, but to the Proprietor of the Greatest Clothing Depots in Hull. 12 and IS.
Waterworks-meet, he aocepud mv advice and offer to conduct him there. After his great surprise and wonder at the enormous Stocks he bad to uttooae from bad somewhat subsided, he bought a fine Paris Bilk Hat for Sundays for 10s. 6d and a 8s. d. Felt for other days, a Top Coat (to be ready, as he said) for the newest material and make, and a Business Suit for which he declared before the shoj mirror it made a gentleman of "im." He then purchased for his sons.
Reefers at and a splendid Ulster for the eldest for 2 "Champion Trousers" at Us. arid Cnnquerers at 12s. a pair eacli, an9 he finished up with buving for them useful elegant Btroug Cloth Suits from 25s. to S5s "the likes of which," he remarked." he hadn't seen afore." Satisfied at having been told to GO TO LANCASTER," sorry at requesting me to GO TO BATH," he left Hull in and the best of amours and expressing the great pleasuie he had had in visiting the maguificent Marts bel jniug to LANCASTER8 CLOTH MERCHAN T8. BESPOKE TAILORS, CLOTHIERS.
AND OUTFITTERS, 12 and IS, WATERWORKS-STREET. HULL. Their other places are in London. Laud port. Fori sea, and Portamonth.
send for Patterns. Price List, and process of Be.f-Measutement they are sent free or request their Representative to call upon you. DRESSES, MANTLES, and JACKETS BUBS TO OHl.EB AY BASS 34, PAitLlAMENT-STREET, YORK aess EEDS EYE DISPENSARY i 68, GREAT GEORGE STREET, (Near the New Infirmary.) MR. G. MITCHELL.
OCULIST. Attxhdaxcx Dailt. 9 to 2. Saturday. 10 to 0.
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6d. Bold at York by Bkowk, 24, High Ousegate 23. Parliament-street aad all Chemist; $544 11 EALTH NATURE'S BLESSING. XL Sufferers from Dyspepsia. Low Spirits, Heartburn.
Dizziness, Nervousness, Wind, Bpasms. Loss of Appetite. Pain in the Held. Cvstiveness. Liver and Biliou; Compiaiuta, may have immediate relief and a certain cure br sending IS or 36 postage stamps to W.
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Bend for one box and you'll never be without them. 7990 ESTABLISHED 1825. JT. BROWN, Practical Upholsterer and MATTRESS MAKER, 42, PETERGATE. Workshops: Little Stoxzgatk.
York. 7424 flLASS. CHINA, TOY, AND GENERAL VJT FANCY GOODS WAREHOUSE. 68, PETERGATE, YORK. JOHN REMMER, Proprietor.
A large assortment of English and Foreign Manufactured Clocks. 6408 "1 RIFFiTHS. TherelB but one GRIFFITHS SECOND-HAND FIREPROOF SAFE DEALER, in the World, who has always the most extensive assortment of safes by Miiaex, and otht eminent makers, at about half the i-rioe of new. A guarantee with each. Ulns-krted pries lists pott-free.
Obitttths. the Sate Man. 4, Out aon -street. London. JE.O 83 BILE, WIND, AND INDIGESTION.
DR. KING'S PILLS. Hie best Remedy for Bile. Wind, Indigestion, Headache, Sickness, Torpid Liver, Giddiness, Bpasms, Nervousness. Heartburn, and Debility Dr.
Kine's P11.LS. Only two Msdicines reallv act upon the Liver one is Mercurv or Blue Pill, the other Dandelion. Thousands of Constitutions have been destroyed by Mercurv, Blue Pill, or Calomel. Tne only safe remedy Dr. Rise's Danseliox and QinxiNE Lives Pills, wbich set very gently on the liver, giving iaimediate relief in all cases of Bils, Indigestioa, Pick Headache, Loss of Appetite.
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4s. aad II. per box, of all medicine vendors. Established l.yj. 4206 NOTICE.
IDDLESBROUGH. The YORK DAILY 13 jL HERALD is Delivered direct from the Office. 14, Albert-road, to any part of the Town at 7 a.m. 2a. ii.
a month pavable in advance. 4067 THE INDIAN FAMINE. Hn.L. Up te yesterday afternoon the contributions towards tbe Indian Famine Fund at Hull amounted to about 19.000. Middlesbeo'.
A public meeting on this question is '0 be held in tbe Town-ball on Tuesday night. Whitby. Tbe subscription to tbe above fund now amounts to about 520. including collections. Welton.
A collection for the Indian Famine Fund was made after morning service on Sunday last. Tbe Vicar (Canon Paget) preached from Gen. 43, 1 ''The famine wis sore in tbe land." Tbe offertory amounted to 62 lis. 9d. Stocktoh.
Tbe Mayor of Utockton has forwarded 300 to the Mansion Rouse Indian Famine Fund as tbe first donation of the town of Stockton. Northallerton. The amount of subscriptions received at the hanks of Northallerton, and collected bv 'he committee up to Wednesday afternoon, was 130. Scarborough Tbe Mayor has forwarded third instalment of 125 12s. 9d.
to tbe Mansion House Fund for tbe relief of the distress arising from the Indian famine. This makes a total of 403 4s. forwarded from Scarborough. Ayi.esbcrv. A county meeting was held at Ayleebury yesterday in aid of the Indian Famine Fund.
Tne High Sheriff presided. Lord Beaconsfield wws unable to be present owing to pressure of public business but among those present were Lord Caring-ton, Lord Ohesham, Lord Oottesloe, Sir H. Verney, Sir P. Duncombe, Mr. Freemantle, M.P., Lord Cnriugton, in moving the first resolution, Baid that, having visited India in the suite of tbe Ptince of Wales, be had seen tbe country in its prosperity.
Tbe Government bad to deal with 60000 villages, and he hoped they would not. be led into countenancing extravagant demands for engineering works. The only way to avoid famine in India whs a reform of the land tenure, and the raising up a thrifty and industrious persantry. He proposed that, a special fund be raised to be sent to the Duke of BiickingiiHiu. be distributed on tbe same principle as the Mansion Douse 1'und.
Thk Mansion House Indian Famine Funo. This (. night amounted to about 200 000. The eu 'ions ineluded: Birmingham (third instalment). Leicester.
1.000 Cheltenham, 6(10; Great Dritfleld, 300; Grantham. 200; llorncistle. 125; Kilkenny, 100; East Retford, 60; the Officers of Mie Scots Gevs, 32; the Earl of Sheffield, 50; J. 100; The Plkthoca op Monty. As an instance of the iiprrhbiindHnce or money ncd the difficulty at present moment of finding a safe investment, we tl.nt 1 lie tenders for Ihe South Augtriilinn Li-'t for four litnes over.
Tli---' fjOitti? and Lit.d M'Emsr9 'ipptnr hp tia only fcnealmens tine public eure about a the preaeril and fLe London Finanewl Association are hi iMiuurliiiiitV for inveslitig ill the lit: fBrf wr fienr. and upwafrffl ney secured by 1 lie 11 ur.ll r.t.i.rBiii0 alO MirM r.f fi-, 1 fj i'-T. wberj c-ipn-d. at over 1000 ecio, find hv the of the A'S'M pr virltci? so ntnple m.rtin for the amount of di b-rituivs to becueds' TbeiiieSOf iLc bankers, will be l- 'i-riinHu ht in hiiolber purl nf our ouuial. 7914 now be checked and reduced to not more than two per minute.
In a shert time the flames begin 'o diminish, and the tendency of the gmins to adhere locrea es, until at last tbey collect together in ragged mHM'- the period when the slowest motion 10 requisire in oraer to prevent trie spongy masses from uniting into solid lumps too soon. When the carbon flames have vanished, or nearly bo, then 1 he iron is redy to ball up, which is effected by a short spurt or neat and a more rapid motion In this 1 a 1 it boiling. The charge naturally swells a little, but this is all. The heat rrauired throughout. exrnt at.
tbe close of the operation, is comparatively low. The quantity of dry oxides required need not exceed 3cwt. to the ton of blooms, and there is no other consumption of fettling. As a proof of this, it may be stated that considerably more than 100 heats have been got out of the furnace without any repair to the lining whatever, and ne water has ever been used for cooling purposes. With so small an expenditure of fettling, it may be asked, what becomes of tbe phosphorus The reply te this is that, when working at low temperatures, the phosphorus seems to prefer tbe cinder to tbe iron.
Taking tbe subject altogether, it might be easy to sum up the advantages the furnace and of the system of puddling which I have attempted to describe, but many questions will ariee in tbe minds of practical men, aad I have already apologised for tbe somewhat premature nature of this communication. Mr. E. who had seen tbe machine in operation, said that but for the fact that he had nearly lost faith in puddling, he would have bad great hopes for the success of the machine. He knew that in ex pressing bis unbelief that puddling would ever again be an important part in iron making be ran the risk of incurring tbe displeasure of some gentlemen, but he was bound to suy that he did not look for anv very great advantage to tbe iron trade from puddling.
He thought the course of converting cast iron into finished iron or steel, which were much the same, would not be by puddling, and he did not think that puddling iron as a step towards making solid blooms would hold its own against other processes. Tbe machine, however, worked admirably, and if they had to have puddling tbey would find the machine described by Mr. Howson about tbe best machine which had yet been devised. If Mr. Bell succeeded in washing Cleveland iron on its way from the blast furnace to tbe steel making furnace, he could not conceive a more hopeful instrument for such a purpose than tbe machine designed by Mr.
Howson. Mr. Jeremiah Head that tbe machine was characterised by simplicity and compactness of arrangement, as well as tbe engineering way in whicb the mechanical details had been worked out. It seemed to have a minimum of that blundering rule of thumb work which was so often found attached to new inventions. Mr.
I. L. Bell, remarked that but for the remarks of Mr. Williams he would bave predicted an excellent future for puddling. It whs his opinion, however, that it would die harder than even its old disciple, Mr.
Williams, might imagine. It was certain that the more frequent occasions tbey bad of congratulating gentlemen like Mr. Howson, puddling was more likely to stand or withstand tbe premature tomb wbich Mr. Williams seemed inclined to think it would sink into. With regard to the furnace, it seemed to him that the great difficulty connected with the revolving furnace, tbat of friction at the fireplace, was by Mr.
Howson 's arrangement entirely removed. A little further discussion ensued. IMPROVEMENTS IN BELG'AN THREE HIGH ROLLING HILLS. Mr. Alp.
Thomas in a paper on this subject, said My recent improvements apply also to three-high mills alone, their peculiarity consisting in the suppres sion of all the usual double collars and in the casting of tbe top roll with grooves on one-half of its length only, while the remainder la left plain and made conical, or, If grooved all along, this latter half is destined for use in another train, or, if preferred in tbe same bousing, by reversing the roll. The bottom roll is also east with grooves on one-half of its length only, the remainder being left taper, or conical, or this latter half it done away with altogether. The middle roll carries grooves on one-balf of its length, and ridges on the other half, all tbe grooves whicb roll in the same direoton. being placed next to each other, while in tbe ordinary system, the grooves and ridges alternate, tbe neighbouring grooves rolling alternately in inverse directions, which cause tbe necessity for tbe double collars between each groove. The top and bottom rolls, when cast with conical ends, are left quite in the rough, on this useless portien, In order to economise cost of material.
Tbe lower roll for the same motive is generally east hollow. My experience has demonstrated an economy of from 40 to 100 per cent, in tbe weight of castings needed for tbe rolls of my mills, as compared with the older kind, joined to 100 per cent, of economy in the turning and repairing of the same. Tbe same number of grooves exist here as in tbe ordinary two-roll mills for tbe same width of housing, so that the three rolls of system need be neither longer nor larger in diameter than those of ordinary two-high mills. This allows of tbe easy and economical transformation of two-bigb into thtee-higb trains, the old rolls being all serviceable, and the only modification needed being an incree.se beigbtof the housings. In this system the number of ride guides is reduced one-half as compared with other three-high trains, which, along with tbe comparative lightness of tbe rolls, gives increased rapidity In tbe mounting and 1 changing of the same.
Tbe absence of balance-guides renders tbe event of tbe rolling ef a bar around tbe roll of much rarer occurrence than formerly. In fact, in my practice it has never yet occurred. A last consideration, of minor importance, is the small space required for tbe erection of three-high mills of my system as compared with ordinary three-high trains. The discussion on this paper was postponed. THE SLAG INDUSTRIES.
Mr. Charles Wood then revd a paper on "Tbe progress of the slag industries during the last four years." The most important part of tbe manufacture of tbe Cleveland Slag Company was that of slag bricks for building pnrposes, made from the slag sand produced by the slag sand machine at tbe blast, furnaces. The next article was a kind of hydraulic cement, whicb compared, with Portland cement for hydraulic work, or concrete was tbe most valuable product introduced for many years, the price being not one-fourth, while the. strength wast little Inferior. Con crete mide from this cement, mixed with tbe shingle produced from tbe rotary table, is an excellent conglomerate for use in monolithic structures.
With this material I have executed some very heavy blast, engine foundations in one case where brick work set in cement had previously failed. The concrete is now standing in the most perfect manner. The cost of the concrete is only about one-fourth tbat of the brickwork, and experience has shown that it goes on burdening for months. The building of the Slag Company's works is executed entirely in this material the walls being nearly 80 ft. high they were built entirely by labourers, without a single bricklayer, and the cost of the work when finished, including superintendence, did not exreed six shillings per cubic yard.
To give an idea of tbe strength of the walls, I mav mention that, on one two occasions we bave bad to out doorways through them and It has taken two good men with steel and sledg hammers as much aa four days to cut through a thickness of about twenty-six inches. After describing the machines formaklng slg bricks, he snid that since starting 4.000,000 had been sold, and 10 000 tons of slag had been consumed for this purnose alone. They were cheaper than ordinary rod bricks and were liked better by both bricklayers and TTT 7. joiners. air.
wood exnioited some glass bottles made from slag, and some slag wool or silicon cotton. The latter is used for making mattresses for covering boilers, its advantage being its perfect incombustibility, and Its non-conducting and indestructible pro-pert tej, A hort discussion then took place, in which Mr. Wood was complimented on the success of bis labours in connection wib brick making. the protection ok metals and busters on BLISTER STB Eh." Mr. Williams read two ners.
nrenared hv TV Percy. F.R on "ThonrntActinn fwim action which is imparted to metals by a coating of certain of their own oxides;" and "On the cause of tne hitters on blister steel." The reading of two other ipers, one by Mr. T. W. Plum of Sdop, On improvements in WSsr.
fQmane wt.r cooled tuyere." aid by Mr. O. C. GreenwrU, On the geo'ogieal and other fea' tires of Great Nor'o-rn c. al field," wr.3 postponed.
Several yr.foa of thanks were passed, and the bii'inrs terminated. In rnoon the members were conveyed bv (ruin to the giv.ific works of Sir W. (i. Ann-stnnv' ad at Elswick. The ordnat ce works were fi-s- the most promin-nt object on entering tl ard heig hundred ton gun -mp'eted and ready for carriage.
Near to it was another of those course of construction. T1-' gUt) Bied in a perpendicular position under a crane, tb' muzzle br'r. in a pit. whi'e tbe breech whs elevated a eor.sid rahle height, from the ground. The vi-i'ors before leaving were shown the manner in which one of the immense coils are shrunk on.
The TOOn Perfect-fittiuj; TRUSSES Water pad." Hoc Main Lever, aud all other kiud Idt on the premises. Elastic Stoc, inge. Kneecaps, ic, Jl ANl'I1lir al Belts, Spina! and Let: Bur--of every description. Male and Female Ciinals for nici't Fenmle Attendant to wait on Ladiee. 22, SPrKKlEKGATE.
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Correspondeii! to be addressed (o'utide Jvelope) Miss V. Kwsht, Dorking. Burrey. 6105 1 OHN SAMPSON, Oabvkb and Gildrb A and Pictu-bk Fbamk Make, Executes all work ninnted to film with DrompMee and -leapaldi. at bit Art allery wd OireulstinK L'b'-ary, TTtrme and OaisKvue.
P01 fr-3 Conoj-tret, York. Old Picture Savored Frames, Ee-srilt. l2 rpBE YORK DAILY HERALD is delivered I to Butonber direct from tlie Branch Office. 38, fCes borouKii, Bcarbro', every morning at Six o'olock. Adver' ItgSinentt received up to 6.45 cm.
each dar Jjfioj GENERAL PKINTiNG ESTABLISHMENT OK DAILY HEHALD UK CONBY-8TBEET, YORE. LETTER-PRESS PRINTING of every description, executed by Steam Power, on the shortest notice, and on the most reasonable terms. Ewimates gtven for PAMPHLETS, CATALOGCES and otber BOOK WORE. TWYOICES. CIRCULARS.
HAND LILL and POSTER6 printed with the greatest deapaton. GENERAL PRINTING ESTABLISHMENT. fOBlt DAILY HERALD WORRB DOWSON'S ETHEKF.AL BALSAM. For Coughs, Colds. Hoarser.
ss. Influenza, and all other Disorders ot the Cheat. The trial of a sir ke bottle will be sufficient to cenviuce the mut scrupulous of the invaluable and unlailiufi eticacy of this Balsam for the Cure of Couuha Oolds. Ac To avoid worthless imitations, ask for DOVBOM '8. and take Dowsox's ouly bold by most Chemist in bottles 7d Is.
and 2. 9d. each. Prepared only by J. DOWBON, Chemist, Redear.
Wholesale Ageuto-W. Foogett. Tliirsk GooPAtL BACKUP se, A Leeds. gl68' HATS 1 HATS 1 HATS I I THOMPSON'S Cheap and Easy Fitting BILK AND FELT HATS. Are Acknowledged by Thousands To be the BEST VaLUE in the Citv 7.
PARLIAMENT STREET, York 758S IN JEW DRAPERY ESTABLISHMENT, Tt.e above premise lately occupied by Measrs. Fall and Son. Chemist. 18 NOW OPENED by Messrs. A.
a F. FALL, with an ENTIRE NEW 6TOCK OF HOSIERY SCARVES UMBRELLAS GL0YE8 COLLARS B.1BBON8 HABERDASHERY CCFF8 CORSETS And a Choice Assortment ef FANCY DRESS AND MANTLE TRIMMINGS For the Coming Autumn. TERMS CASH. 7962 ME68RS. GEO.
BBOWBTE AND BOH. gURGEON DENTISTS, to, MICKLEGATE KILL. YORK. 60 Established. NOTICE TO FARMERS.
BTEAM CULTIVATION. ALEXANDER TODD begs to inform Farmers using the Steam Plough (hat at present he can supply R. C. CLARKE'S REAL OLD SILK5TONE BEST HARD BTEAM COAL. Same as is nsed by railway companies to rnu their express trains, at an exceedingly low price, delivered carriage paid direct from the Colliery, in waggon loads of five tons and upward.
Apply at the Real Old 6ilk8tone Colliery Office, 84, Walm-gate. York, or to Mr. Jevtitt, 1, Grange Crescent, York. 7676 TOBK CASTLE. FIREWOOD ALWAYS ON SALE.
Load of 16 bags. ss. Delivery in York, Is. id. Load of 8 bags, 4s, Do.
lc Orders by Postcard, addressed to tbo Deputy Governor sMMBtoally attended to. 3ts ASS MILLINERY, WHOLESALE and RETAIL, 84. PARLIAMENT-STREET. YORK. 8624 With a FIRST-CLASS STOCK or IRONMONGERY, JkJOS.
68 and 59, MARKET-PLACE, HULL. NOW OPEN MARBLE and SLATE CHIMNEY-PIECES, Ac. H. G. GIBBON.
7580 JkJ I CE OF REMOVAL KING AND COMPANY, IKON MONGERS, HULL, HAVE REMOVED FROM M-ARKET-PLACE TO 6211 NEW PREMISES, SOUTH SIDE HOLY TRINITY CHURCH ADAMS AND KNITTING SILK Tussore Knitting Silk (quite a novelty), le. per or. Also Imperial and Royal Knitting Silks, Is OdL. per Sc. The quantity required is 2 ozs.
frr Socks, and Sozs. or 4 ozs. Blockings, according length. FILOSELLE, The beat quality, id. per skein, or 8 skeins (one colour).
2s. Od. EMBROIDERY SILK of all kinds. Orden despatched by return of poet to ary part of tbe Cnited Kingdom. Patterns Free.
Agent for York, J. WHORLTON (Late Wolet-enholme), Berlin Wool Repository. 4. Bootham. 6212 ASS' MOURNING ESTABLISHMENT 34.
PARLIAMENT-STREET. YORK. 8632 FDRN1TURE. YOUR EBOR FURNITURE POLISH IS PERFECT, It is impossible to have lees trouble and a better Polish. In 6d.
S'-d U. Bottles, prepared by T. PARKER, CHEMIST. YORK. Bold bv Mr.
Gle. Selby, and Mr. E.x-li-s. Rcarbro'. 48S5 ABERDEEN GKANITE MONUMENTS, from 6.
Carriage Free. Inscriptions Hpcurate and beautiful. Piaiia and Prices from Joan W. Sculptor. Aberdeen.
ATUIlCr3PrnB suffering from Ihdigws-tion, Billious or Liver Cumpiaiiits, will, on application -eceive Free an unfailing BOTANIC RECIFE, bv en-dOtthc address to Mr. MlUOiLD. Secretary Institute, 1LNERS' SAFES for Dwia, from 4 8 0 to an 11 1 lLNEIks'SAELSfurJewelleiyfrou7 10 0 1 0 I ILNERS' SAFES fur Plate, from 10 5 0 NER-' SAFES fur-Books and bemmm 0 to JJi I ILNEUS'S FES for Lawyers, fro ti Hi 0 to tt.v". 0 ViiL vlikS SAFES CU A 0 1 fi MlLNEliS' SAFES ftr Jankers, Fioni ns 0 to -a 10 0 MILNE US' SAFE COMPANY, Limitel, LlVtltPOO Ii. Io.sdon: il.i.ulV H.iil.111.6 OT Uonrgate Btsfi0.
(i fe'-'W West Mie eir-et. UA.CHlZf- Jj'fMfiaAM fcs, Jew 1 I I last week. No. Oily District 565 15 10 Rural do 310... 21 19 Inmates A28 Vajrraut 134 I LAST TSAR.
Ne. city 61 6 ..44 IS Rural do 219 22 11 1 Inmates 418 I VaxraMU 198 A memorial, termed Mr. E. L. Pease's memorial, was read from the Darlington Board of Guardians on the subject of contagious and infectious diseases, and asking that tbe York Board would take tbe matter iDto consideration.
The memorial stated that daring the year 1875, contagious and infectious diseases included under the general term of zymotic caused the death of 106,464 persona, and it was necessary that there should be more stringent regulations for their I preven iou. The Government. was therefore urged to appoint a Royal Commission to investigate the whole subject, and the advisability of making it imperative that every case of infectious disease should be notified to the sanitary autbarities. On tbe motion of Mr. 1 Ernest tbe memorial was referred to the House Com-mtttee.
A communication was read from the Local Government Board, explaining the inner in wkich the expenses incurred by tbe School Attendance Com- niittee should be assessed upon the furious townships iu tbe Union, and giving directions as to the mode of keeping the necessary accounts. THE QUESTION OP POOR LAW ADMINISTRATION. Mr. Sendall, one of the Government Poor-law Inspectors, who attended the meeting, and who was in- rod need by the Chairman, gave to tbe Board his impressions of the administration of tbe poor-law in this district, and also alluded to the York Workhouse. Speaking of the latter he said there were two things in connection with it to which he wished to refer.
I Oue was as to the supply of water to the different parts of the house. Complaints had been received at various times with reference to the water supply In certain parts of tiie infirmary from inmates of the i house, aud he had been in communication with their Chairman on the subject. He believed it was made out that tfaere bad been a deficiency of the water supply, especially in the infirmary, and that tbe supply i of water was uot constant to a sufficient extent to 1 keep he water closets in a clean and wholesome state. Mr. Kino, in reply to a further remark of the in-spector's, said that steps had been taken with regard i to tbe water supply, and they were now taking a larger quantity from the Waterworks in order that the cisterns in tbe infirmary might be supplied.
Mr. Sendall, continuing, said that another im- 1 portant question connected with the administration of the Workhouse was the accommodation for the children, and be thought that this matter would sooner or later engage the serious attention of the Board. He spoke specially with reference to the day-room for boys, which he thought was a department in which tbe Workhouse was snost defective. He I thought the school and day-room accommodation for the boys was insufficient, and inadequate for the nuto-ber of children, and that it would also be worm wane considering whether it would not bt just as well to face tbe question of providing separate accommodation altogether for the children, as it was not at all unlikely that that part of tbe Workhouse where they were might be wanted. Tbe general state of affairs in tbe York Union did not call for any very lengthened remarks.
He submitted to them some time ago a table of statistics, giving the particulars of the pauperism and the expenditure in the various unions in bis district, and from that table he thought tbe rk Union compared very favourably with other uuions in this part of tbe country. Their expenditure appeared not to press very heavily, compared with many of their neighbours, and the percentage of pauperism was a trifle below tbe average of that in the East Biding, which was 2 per while that of the York Union was 2 1-lOth. The least satisfactory feature of tbe statistics was tbe fact that pauperism appeared to be on tbe increase. That might be due to temporary causes, and therefore tbey might hope that in another year tbe balance would be restored, but at the same time an increase cf pauperism, unless it could be I accounted for by some special circ*mstances of local distress or extraordinary pressure upon the class who i generally came for relief, ought never to be passed over without careful consideration. So far us be was acquainted with the principles of admii in 1 the York Union, he believed they were upon a sound basis.
On more than one occasion he bad expressed I bis views upon tbe subject of general administra-j tion, and to some extent criticised what I appeared to him to be unsound in tbe mode in wbich the Poor Law was administered, but he believed be I should find the principles which prevailed in that Board Room more in consonance with what he be-j lieved to be sound principles of administration than what could be found in some other unions. He found on looking over the statistics that in tbe York Union the percentage of indoor relief amounted to as much as 36 1 5th per cent. This was a figure only reached by one other union in the East Riding, and that was the very small agricultural union of Pat ring ton, between wbich and York they could scarcely institute any useful comparison. The eutdoor relief was 63 4-5tbs per cent. This showed a very larga proportion of indoor relief compared with some other unions.
Although this was a large proportion be did not think it ought te be considered the ne pltu ultra, but that they ought to look forward to establishing a very much nearer balance between indoor and outdoor relief than tbey bad yet arrived at. This was a question on which be knew there was a great difference of opinion amongst boards of guardians, but his own observation went to show that the more tbe question was considered and thought over and thoroughly sifted, the less would those differences appear, and the general tendency of thought and enlightenment and experience in this matter went also to show that excessive outdoor relief was ss injurious to the poor themselves as il was wasteful from an economical point ot view. As pauperism appeared to be increasing, it was necessary to bear these things carefullv in tbe mind, and not to relax any efforts to place their administration upon a sound principle. He could not avoid coming to tbe conclusion that in this part of tbe country the administration of relief was not as a rule soundly carried out. He believed tbe working classes in this district bad much ampler means of providing for themselves and for their times of sickness and temporary distress than those in other parts of England with which be was acquainted, and yet tbe pauperism existing here was greater than at many other places, and showed an increase, while it was diminishing elsewhere.
He believed hat the incomes of tbe wage-earning classes here were greater than those he alluded to, and while no doubt the fluctuations in the manufacturing centres accounted to some extent for what appeared to bean excessive amount of expenditure in the relief of the destitute, yet be could only accounk for tbe large amount of pauperism by inferring that tbe system of poor-law administration was one that called for consideration, and demanded further im-provetnent. In the course of some conversation that ensued, Mr Agar remarked that so far as that Board was concerned everv cire that came before them was closely inquired into, and he did not think they could effect much alteration in the results The Chairman observed that he understood Mr. Sendsll's remarks to be general The Inspector replied that in this part of England generally there was room for improvement, aud be should include all unions, even those wbich were more favourably situated than the York Union. He did not urge, upon the York Guardians to make any change, or to adopt any principles different from what they were doing Mr Charlton said he had understood tbe it speftor to urg them to make a change in their system. Mr.
Pumphrey observed that the weekly re'urns showed that tbe indoor paupers were increasing, and that the outdoor paupers were decreasing, arid this, he thought, showed tbey were in tbe ritht. direction. He 6hould be sorry to see any chfiriffp 111 de. The Chairmnn referred to a number of towns in the ts: Riding where tbe proportion of outdoor puipers wms much gre-iter than the indoor, ai evp-'B-ed ho 'ipiitjon th.t York stood in a veiy favo'irahlfl Me. King, alluding to the i rrnrirfc i.tn fj)e accommodation for school childrer-, sid be did nor tliii.k lie time had come for the removal of tb children out of the houe.
but it passible ome provision might be nvirie which would meet the inspector's views as to tbe nccoiumo-d-itiun for fhp boys Tie subject 'hen dropped. 'PtiH foll'-winy tenrfr-rs were accepted Flour, M8-rB and Simpson, York; me it, Mr. C. Jic'k-s -n Goodr-ongatf u' oeorie. Mi Monkhous', Colliergute boots atd shoes, Mr.
W. Ward, Fossgate. Fmicratiov to SoOTU AostkauA. The Oailands, with 33 eiigraif? arrived at Pott Add on the 9tb iflftt. All wcP, STRANDING OF Tilt EVERGREEN, OF SUNDERLAND.
BOARD OF TRADE INQUIRY AT HULL. Yesterday, at the Hull Police court, Mr. T. H. Travis, stipendiary magistrate, delivered judgment in connection with the inquiry in reference tt tbe stranding of tbe brig Evergreen, of Sum'erland, on the Horn Reef, off the coast of Jutland, on tbe 30th ef May last.
After referring to tbe evidence which bad been given, bis worship said tbe captain rested bis defence for allowing the Evergreen to be stranded on the Horn Reef on two grounds in tbe Srst place to tbe strong in draught and tbe set of the tide, and secondly to the compasses being out of order. He (Mr. Travis) regretted to have been obliged to come to an entirely different conclusion lees favourable to the master, to whose defaults he attributed entirely tbe jeopardy in wbich tbe Evergreen was placed. Upon his own statement, the master waa satisfied to take his longitude from tha dead reckoning onlv. without anv attemnt to verify tbe positions in wbich bit) reckoning placed his vessel, for though according to bis calculations he was well aver the sea, and thought himself competent to fix upon bit chart tbe very place he waa in at 12 o'clock (midnight) of the 29th, and must, bad be examined the cbtrt, have been aware of the soundings to be found at tbat particular place, he neglected hie bounden duty, whicb waa, looking at the interests committed to his charge, to take a cast of the lead.
ia order to verify bis calculations. Has! he done so be would have at once learnt tbe ecregioas error under which be waa labouring, but be never made that cast until it waa too late to save the Evergreen from the reef. For ten or twelve hours sreviouslv to his getting on the reef be had been passing through fleets of fishing boats, and bad on several occasions to bear up to avoid running over them. Still it never occurred to him to take a cast of the lead or to get'f rom the flshermeu the hearing of tbe land I be lead and lines were ready on deck, they were told, and it would have taken one minute and a half to take a cast, but tbe overweening confidence of the master was such in the accuracy of his own guesses for tbey were nothing more that no precaution of tbat kind waa taken. In his opinion the conduct of the master was such as to oblige him to find him (as be now did) guilty of a default, and although tbe master waa of opinion that had he bad a chronometer on board tbe accident could not bave happened, he (Mr.
Travis) felt bound to state bis conviction that so long as masters allowed thera-selvft to take things for granted in tbe way Captain Hudson did, and so exhibited tbe blind confidence that waa shown In this case, a chronometer would bave been of little use. A single cast of the lead would have kept the Evergreen out of dunger quite as well as the best chronometer. While, however, there might be cases like the present where the purposes of a chronometer might well be supplied by a oast of tbe lead and tbe use of ordinary care and precaution, he should call tbe attention of the Board of Trade to the evidence disclosed in this case as to tbe dangerous practice tbat appeared to prevail to a great extent of sending sailing vessels to tbe Baltic without a chronometer, and of tbe higgling that appeared to be tapctionmi custom between owners and master ms to the ftf Ing of a chronometer, showing the dangerous tJegree of subserviency to which owners sometimes redi tbeir masters, operating, as it Appeared to bim, mo. unfairly upon tbe masters, and fraught with danget to masters, seamen, and others on board of tbe sailing ships, and to the property entrusted to them. Ha would venture to submit tbat the question might easily arise in seme future case whether a vessel was seaworthy that was allowed to pass through the North Sea in going to the Baltic without hiving a chronometer on board.
Had a little of the energy that aopeared to have been displayed by tbe master of tbe Evergreen after she had been on the reef (for which be thought the master deservrd great credit) been exhibited at an earlier period, the accident would not have occurred and it waa only fiir to lay that the master of the Evergreen appeared to bear a high character for sobriety and otherwise. He did not think, under the circ*mstances of tin cae, that the owners could fairly be found guilty of the charge laid against them, though he was glad tbat the question bad been raised, and could not in any way teel justified in saying that they might not most properly have been rendered liable to such a charge id it not been clear that in the case he Evergreen was allowed to go on the reef from oausea wholly disconnected with any fault atl ributable to tbe owners. A god deal of st ress bad been laid by the master on the fact that there was no light or beacon indicating the part of Horn's Reef, upon wbich rhe Evergreen got entangled, but he did not think that that fact availed a man much who ran a ship on tbe reef under the circ*mstances similar to those in which the Evergreen was placed. It might, however, be observed tbat the two lights ranrked on the chart opposite the Graa Deep could only be seen about fourteen miles seaward, w'tile the outer part of tbe Horn Reef would be about 28 or 30 miles from those lights. It would be observed that the mate's log had had additions made to it in the ease some days subsequent to the entries being made (some of such additions being at the master's request), and he bad thought it right to express strongly his disapprobation of any such proceedings.
Having regard to the exertions of the captain of tbe Evergreeen after the accident, and his previous good character, they bad felt it their duty to direct the certificate of Mr. Francis Hudson (uaas'er of the Evergreen) to be suspended for four calendar months, THIRD WEST YORK VOLUNTEER ANNUAL, PRIZE SHOOTING MEETING. Tha following list of prises has jnsc beau issued 10 be shot for by tbe saemriers of th" Third VVoss York Artillery Volunteer Corps, at their annual com eti. tion, w'niih is fhed to take place on Saturday, 29.a of September, when the shooting will oommei.ee ou Bootham Stray, at nine o'olock in the Mor. i I.
Five priaee, value l0o given by Gore Leeman, M.P., aud JB iriyen by Junes Lowther, M.P. vis 3, i(K, i and open to all volunteers. Raises 200 aud 300 yards. Entrance fee 61., to t.j to the fund for expenses. mpetitors failing s.ore eis.t th first distance to retire.
S. A prise of Five Pounds, the gift of the Hon. J. Melrose, Lord of York. SevVu shots at 600 yarda.
Highest soor- 2 io9 second, third, JBl. Entrance 6 to to fourth scorer. 8. A prize of Five Pound. T.
P. Bu'mr Sh riff of York. au 400 five rounds at each rang. petite, foiling ro score nine at the first distance to retire flii T7' Kn9'' 89JOD(1' 1 third, MU Entrance to divided betwr-n fourth an fif'h scorers. 4.
Ten Pounds, the gift o' the officers of te corns 2 10,, 2. IOmS ord-r. for the. best squa.is of three. Five 150.
200 an 1 300 yards. Entrance 7, I p-r drill. 5. A vriz of by the Cnder-Sh-rilT yf who have not von a loO fiye roa a euil Hil.heU 10... third, Hy'hrwrio to 150 ah that ctf' an a any ftton.
Tie, to deoi ed by the psJJL! a-nreau he langes i tig. Vand then by sh- A eomnetito, my take his of thn sqnad an oue out or remainder. All mnatitora to wear nu lies- utn otm 4 Sid- ai res. 6 All cmoe itrrs to on ninAO" r-tr pre or they will reude tbemclr8 1 quai nr-aiiou. I.
allowed fn prepare for any tha pr.z sj who has not at ruded tweutj-fivedfilk.
